Burns: Body Contouring Surgeries

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Body contouring surgery
1. Liposuction
  • Done to Aspirate fatty tissue from areas of the body resistant to diet and exercise
  • To contour flaps
  • To remove lipomas
  • A blunt hollow canula is inserted through very small incisions and attached to a powerful suction to vaccums out adipose tissue
Post procedure
  • Watch for hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalance Monitor drains
  • After surgery use compression garments
Complications
  • Hematoma
  • Skin necrosis
  • Infection
  • Undesirable scars
  • Skin dimpling

  • 2.Liposculpture: Also called as autologus fat transplantation or micro-lipoinjection

  • 3.Abdominoplasty: Removal of excess abdominal skin and fat and repair tightening of seperated abdominal muscle   
Post procedure:
  • Inspect the incision line for manifestations of pallor or lack of capillary refill Oral analgesics

4.Panniculoplasty
  • Excess loose skin and subcutaneous tissue remain over the abdomen, thighs and arms – hanging in large folds
  • Removal of skin folds is known as panniculoplasty
Post procedure:
  • Reduce stress on suture line
  • Consume adequate amount of protein and carbohydrates

5. Gastric Bypass
  • Performed when patient has BMI > 40 or a life-threatening, weight-related condition and other weight loss treatments are unsuccessful
  • Makes stomach smaller and allows food to bypass part of the small intestine Fewer calories are absorbed resulting in weight loss Regular Digestion :

6.Brachioplasty
  • Term used for an upper arm lift procedure
  • Excess fat and skin is removed from upper arm area to create more youthful looking arm contour.

7.Thigh lift (thigh plasty)
  • To remove excess skin from thigh and buttock area

8. Butt augmentation / implant
  • Butt lift will reduce fat and reshape the buttock region
  • Butt implants are made of silicon
  • These implants can be placed through hidden cuts
  • Buttock augmentation can be done by using one's own fat.
  • Fat is harvested by liposuction technique , processed and injected in many layers into the buttocks.

9. Breast reconstruction
  • With the use of a breast implant, own tissue flap, or a combination of the two Implant procedures
  • Saline -filled implant -Commonly used.
  • It is a silicone shell filled with salt water (sterile saline).
  • Silicone gel-filled implants-rarely used
Types of surgeries
  • One-stage immediate breast reconstruction may be done at the same time as mastectomy-places a breast implant.
  • The implant may be put in the space created when the breast tissue was removed or behind the chest muscles to form the breast contour
Two-stage reconstruction or two-stage delayed reconstruction
  • An implanted tissue expander, which is like a balloon, is put under the skin and chest muscle. Through a tiny valve under the skin, the surgeon injects a salt-water solution at regular intervals to fill the expander over time (about 4 to 6 months).  
  • After the skin over the breast area has stretched enough, a second surgery is done to remove the expander and put in the permanent implant . Some expanders are left in place as the final implant.

Tissue flap procedures
  • These procedures use tissue from tummy, back, thighs, or buttocks to rebuild the breast.
  • The 2 most common types of tissue flap procedures are
  • TRAM flap (or transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap): which uses tissue from the lower tummy area
  • Latissimus dorsiflap: which uses tissue from the upper back
TRAM
  • (transverse rectus abdominis muscle) flap
  • There are 2 types of TRAM flaps
  • A pedicle flap leaves the flap attached to its original blood supply and tunnels it under the skin to the breast area.
  • This can leave an area of fullness where the tissue is tunneled through.
  • free flap
  • Surgeon cuts the flap of skin, fat, blood vessels, and muscle for the implant free from its original location and then attaches it to blood vessels in the chest.
  • This requires the use of a microscope (microsurgery) to connect the tiny vessels and takes longer than a pedicle flap.

Breast reduction
  • Surgical reduction of breast volume

  • Breast lift: Breasts reshaping and repositioning.
  • Nipple areolar reconstruction : Tissue to construct a nipple taken from opposite breast or from a small flap of tissue on the reconstructed breast mound.
  • Areola grafted from labia, skin in the area of groin or lower abdominal skin or from tattooed with permanent pigmented

  • 10.Male breast reduction (gynaecomastia correction):
  • Key hole surgery -liposuction

11.Aesthetic genital surgery
  • Male genital cosmetic surgery: penile lengthening and penile gilth increase

Female genital cosmetic surgery:
  • Labia minora reduction
  • Labia majora enhancement
  • Pubic fat liposuction
  • Pubic lift
  • Vaginal tightening (vaginoplasty)

12. Repair of traumatic injuries
  • Facial injuries
  • Facial fractures
  • Nasal fractures
  • Fractures of mandible and maxilla
  • Traumatic amputation

13.Laser eye surgery
  • LASIK: Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis
  • Reduce or eliminate dependency on contacts or glasses. Not strictly considered cosmetic, but still an elective procedure

14. Cosmetic Dentistry
  • Whiten teeth
  • Correct gum line
  • Seal gaps
  • Fix chips or cracks
  • Correct rotations
  • Replace worn down or discolored teeth
  • Blends function with beauty by combining tooth reconstruction and plastic surgery procedures on the mouth tissues (gums, jawbones, facial muscles, lips, and skin) to result in a better-looking smile.
  • Crowns: artificial coverings for teeth made from ceramic/porcelain metal composite, gold, or a  tin/ aluminum mixture
  • Veneers: similar to crowns except they cover the forward part of the tooth only and are used exclusively for aesthetic purposes

15. Hair Removal
Methods
  • Depilation (removing part of the hair above the skin's surface)
  • Shaving or trimming
  • Depilatories (creams or shaving powders which chemically dissolve hair)
  • Friction (rough surfaces used to buff away hair)
  • Epilation (removing the entire hair)
  • Tweezing
  • Waxing
  • Sugaring (similar to waxing but with a sticky paste)
  • Threading (twisted thread catches hairs as it's rolled across skin)
  • Rotary Epilators (devices which rapidly grasp hairs and pull them out by the root)
"Permanent" Removal Methods
  • Electrolysis: permanent for most
  • Laser: permanent reduction for some
  • Flashlamp: permanent reduction for some
  • Prescription oral or topical medications: requires continuous use
More "Extreme" Methods:
  • X-Ray: banned in the United States
  • Photodynamic therapy: in the experimental stage
  • Other methods with doubtful promise
  • Electric tweezers, transdermal electrolysis, transcutaneöus hair removal, photoepilators, microwaves, dietary supplements, nonprescription topical preparations


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notes.nursium.com: Burns: Body Contouring Surgeries
Burns: Body Contouring Surgeries
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https://notes.nursium.com/2017/06/burns-body-contouring-surgeries.html
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