Body contouring surgery
1. Liposuction
- Done to Aspirate fatty tissue from areas of the body resistant to diet and exercise
- To contour flaps
- To remove lipomas
- A blunt hollow canula is inserted through very small incisions and attached to a powerful suction to vaccums out adipose tissue
Post procedure
- Watch for hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalance Monitor drains
- After surgery use compression garments
Complications
- Hematoma
- Skin necrosis
- Infection
- Undesirable scars
- Skin dimpling
- 2.Liposculpture: Also called as autologus fat transplantation or micro-lipoinjection
- 3.Abdominoplasty: Removal of excess abdominal skin and fat and repair tightening of seperated abdominal muscle
Post procedure:
- Inspect the incision line for manifestations of pallor or lack of capillary refill Oral analgesics
4.Panniculoplasty
- Excess loose skin and subcutaneous tissue remain over the abdomen, thighs and arms – hanging in large folds
- Removal of skin folds is known as panniculoplasty
Post procedure:
- Reduce stress on suture line
- Consume adequate amount of protein and carbohydrates
5. Gastric Bypass
- Performed when patient has BMI > 40 or a life-threatening, weight-related condition and other weight loss treatments are unsuccessful
- Makes stomach smaller and allows food to bypass part of the small intestine Fewer calories are absorbed resulting in weight loss Regular Digestion :
6.Brachioplasty
- Term used for an upper arm lift procedure
- Excess fat and skin is removed from upper arm area to create more youthful looking arm contour.
7.Thigh lift (thigh plasty)
- To remove excess skin from thigh and buttock area
8. Butt augmentation / implant
- Butt lift will reduce fat and reshape the buttock region
- Butt implants are made of silicon
- These implants can be placed through hidden cuts
- Buttock augmentation can be done by using one's own fat.
- Fat is harvested by liposuction technique , processed and injected in many layers into the buttocks.
9. Breast reconstruction
- With the use of a breast implant, own tissue flap, or a combination of the two Implant procedures
- Saline -filled implant -Commonly used.
- It is a silicone shell filled with salt water (sterile saline).
- Silicone gel-filled implants-rarely used
Types of surgeries
- One-stage immediate breast reconstruction may be done at the same time as mastectomy-places a breast implant.
- The implant may be put in the space created when the breast tissue was removed or behind the chest muscles to form the breast contour
Two-stage reconstruction or two-stage delayed reconstruction
- An implanted tissue expander, which is like a balloon, is put under the skin and chest muscle. Through a tiny valve under the skin, the surgeon injects a salt-water solution at regular intervals to fill the expander over time (about 4 to 6 months).
- After the skin over the breast area has stretched enough, a second surgery is done to remove the expander and put in the permanent implant . Some expanders are left in place as the final implant.
Tissue flap procedures
- These procedures use tissue from tummy, back, thighs, or buttocks to rebuild the breast.
- The 2 most common types of tissue flap procedures are
- TRAM flap (or transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap): which uses tissue from the lower tummy area
- Latissimus dorsiflap: which uses tissue from the upper back
TRAM
- (transverse rectus abdominis muscle) flap
- There are 2 types of TRAM flaps
- A pedicle flap leaves the flap attached to its original blood supply and tunnels it under the skin to the breast area.
- This can leave an area of fullness where the tissue is tunneled through.
- free flap
- Surgeon cuts the flap of skin, fat, blood vessels, and muscle for the implant free from its original location and then attaches it to blood vessels in the chest.
- This requires the use of a microscope (microsurgery) to connect the tiny vessels and takes longer than a pedicle flap.
Breast reduction
- Surgical reduction of breast volume
- Breast lift: Breasts reshaping and repositioning.
- Nipple areolar reconstruction : Tissue to construct a nipple taken from opposite breast or from a small flap of tissue on the reconstructed breast mound.
- Areola grafted from labia, skin in the area of groin or lower abdominal skin or from tattooed with permanent pigmented
- 10.Male breast reduction (gynaecomastia correction):
- Key hole surgery -liposuction
11.Aesthetic genital surgery
- Male genital cosmetic surgery: penile lengthening and penile gilth increase
Female genital cosmetic surgery:
- Labia minora reduction
- Labia majora enhancement
- Pubic fat liposuction
- Pubic lift
- Vaginal tightening (vaginoplasty)
12. Repair of traumatic injuries
- Facial injuries
- Facial fractures
- Nasal fractures
- Fractures of mandible and maxilla
- Traumatic amputation
13.Laser eye surgery
- LASIK: Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis
- Reduce or eliminate dependency on contacts or glasses. Not strictly considered cosmetic, but still an elective procedure
14. Cosmetic Dentistry
- Whiten teeth
- Correct gum line
- Seal gaps
- Fix chips or cracks
- Correct rotations
- Replace worn down or discolored teeth
- Blends function with beauty by combining tooth reconstruction and plastic surgery procedures on the mouth tissues (gums, jawbones, facial muscles, lips, and skin) to result in a better-looking smile.
- Crowns: artificial coverings for teeth made from ceramic/porcelain metal composite, gold, or a tin/ aluminum mixture
- Veneers: similar to crowns except they cover the forward part of the tooth only and are used exclusively for aesthetic purposes
15. Hair Removal
Methods
- Depilation (removing part of the hair above the skin's surface)
- Shaving or trimming
- Depilatories (creams or shaving powders which chemically dissolve hair)
- Friction (rough surfaces used to buff away hair)
- Epilation (removing the entire hair)
- Tweezing
- Waxing
- Sugaring (similar to waxing but with a sticky paste)
- Threading (twisted thread catches hairs as it's rolled across skin)
- Rotary Epilators (devices which rapidly grasp hairs and pull them out by the root)
"Permanent" Removal Methods
- Electrolysis: permanent for most
- Laser: permanent reduction for some
- Flashlamp: permanent reduction for some
- Prescription oral or topical medications: requires continuous use
More "Extreme" Methods:
- X-Ray: banned in the United States
- Photodynamic therapy: in the experimental stage
- Other methods with doubtful promise
- Electric tweezers, transdermal electrolysis, transcutaneöus hair removal, photoepilators, microwaves, dietary supplements, nonprescription topical preparations
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