Cardiology Mnemonics
Rheumatic fever:
Revised Jones criteria JONES PEACE:
· Major criteria:
Joints: migratory
O (heart shaped) Carditis: new onset murmur
Nodules,
subcutaneous: extensor surfaces
Erythema
marginatum
Sy
denham's chorea · Minor criteria:
PR
interval, prolonged
ESR elev
ated
Arthralgias
CRP elev
ated
Elev ated
temperature (fever) · Need 2 major or 1 major and 2 minor criteria, plus
evidence of recent GAS infection (throat cx, rapid antigen test, or rising
strep antibody titer).
Rheumatic fever: Jones criteria · Major criteria: CANCER:
Carditis
Arthritis
Nodules
Chorea
Erythema Rheumatic anamnesis · Minor criteria: CAFE PAL:
CRP increased
Arthralgia
Fev er
Elev ated ESR
Prolonged PR interval
Anamnesis of rheumatism Leucocytosis
Pulseless
electrical activity: causes PATCH
MED: Pulmonary embolus
Acidosis
Tension
pneumothorax
Cardiac
tamponade
Hy pokalemia/ Hyperkalemia/ Hypoxi a/ Hy pothermia/ Hy
povolemia
My
ocardial infarction
Electrolyte
derangements
Drugs
Sinus bradycardia:
aetiology "SINUS BRADICARDIA"
(sinus bradycardia):
Sleep
Infections
(myocarditis)
Neap
thyroid (hypothyroid)
Unconsciousness
(vasovagal syncope)
Subnormal
temperatures
(hypothermia)
Biliary
obstruction
Raised CO2
(hypercapnia)
Acidosis
Deficient
blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
Imbalance
of electrolytes
Cushing's
reflex (raised ICP)
Aging
Rx (drugs,
such as high-dose atropine)
Deep
anaesthesia
Ischemic
heart disease Athletes
JVP: wave form ASK ME:
Atrial
contraction
Sy stole
(ventricular contraction)
Klosure
(closure) of tricusps, so atrial
filling Maximal
atrial filling Emptying of atrium
Coronary artery
bypass graft: indications DUST: Depressed v entricular function
Unstable
angina
Stenosis
of the left main stem
Triple
vessel disease
Murmurs:
innocent murmur features 8 S's: Soft
Sy stolic
Short
Sounds (S1
& S2) normal
Sy
mptomless
Special
tests normal (X-ray, EKG)
Standing/
Sitting (vary with position) Sternal depression
Murmur attributes
"IL PQRST"
(person has ill PQRST heart waves):
Intensity
Location
Pitch
Quality
Radiation
Shape
Timing
Murmurs:
locations and descriptions "MRS
A$$": MRS: Mitral Regurgitation--Systolic
A$$: Aortic Stenosis--Sy stolic ·
The other two murmurs, Mitral stenosis and Aortic regurgitation, are obv iously
diastolic.
Betablockers:
cardioselective betablockers "Betablockers
Acting Exclusively At Myocardium" · Cardioselective
betablockers are:
Betaxolol
Acebutelol
Esmolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol
Apex beat:
abnormalities found on palpation, causes of impalpable HILT:
Heav ing
Impalpable
Laterally
displaced
Thrusting/
Tapping
· If it is impalpable, causes are COPD:
COPD
Obesity
Pleural, Pericardial effusion Dextrocardia
MI: treatment of
acute MI COAG:
Cy
clomorph
Oxy gen
Aspirin
Gly cerol
trinitrate
Coronary artery
bypass graft: indications DUST:
Depressed
v entricular function
Unstable
angina
Stenosis
of the left main stem
Triple
vessel disease
Peripheral vascular
insufficiency: inspection criteria SICVD:
Sy mmetry
of leg musculature
Integrity
of skin
Color of
toenails
Varicose
veins
Distribution
of hair
Rheumatic fever:
Revised Jones' criteria JONES crITERIA:
· Major criteria:
Joint
(arthritis)
Obv ious
(Cardiac)
Nodule
(Rheumatic)
Erythema
marginatum
Sy denham
chorea
· Minor criteria:
Inflammatory
cells (leukocytosis)
Temperature
(fever)
ESR/CRP
elev ated
Raised PR
interval
Itself
(previous Hx of Rheumatic fever) Arthralgia
Heart murmurs
"hARD ASS MRS. MSD":
hARD: Aortic
Regurg = Diastolic ASS: Aortic Stenosis = Systolic
MRS: Mitral
Regurg = Systolic
MSD: Mitral
Stenosis = Diastolic
MI: therapeutic
treatment ROAMBAL:
Reassure
Oxy gen
Aspirin
Morphine
(diamorphine)
Beta
blocker
Arthroplasty
Lignocaine
COMMENTS