Edema
·
an
abnormal accumulation of fluid beneath the skin, or in one or more cavities of
the body.
·
Edema
is observable swelling from fluid accumulation in body tissues. Edema most
commonly occurs in the feet and legs, where it is referred to as peripheral
edema.
Causes
·
Consumption
of more salt
·
Heart
failure
·
Kidney
disease
·
Liver
problems from cirrhosis
·
Pregnancy
·
Problems
with lymph nodes, especially after mastectomy
·
Renal
edema Pulmonary edema Cerebral edema
Edema is facilitated
(increased) by
·
Increased
hydrostatic pressure and reduced oncotic pressure within blood vessels.
·
By
increased blood vessel wall permeability as in inflammation
·
By
obstruction of fluid clearance via the lymphatics
Generalized
edema
·
A
rise in hydrostatic pressure occurs in cardiac failure.
·
A
fall in oncotic pressure occurs in nephrotic syndrome and liver failure.
Pitting edema
Pitting
edema can be demonstrated by applying pressure to the swollen area by
depressing the skin with a finger.
If
the pressing causes an indentation that persists for some time after the
release of the pressure, the edema is referred to as pitting edema.
Idiopathic edema
Idiopathic
edema is a pitting edema of unknown cause that occurs primarily in
pre-menopausal women who do not have evidence of heart, liver, or kidney
disease.
Venous insufficiency
& edema
The
veins of the legs have valves that prevent the backward flow of blood within
them. Venous insufficiency is incompetence of the veins that occurs because of
dilation, or enlargement, of the veins and dysfunction of their valves.
Example: Varicose veins.
Anasarca
Is known, as "extreme generalized edema
is a medical condition characterized by widespread swelling of the skin due to
effusion of fluid into the extracellular space.
Management
·
treating
the underlying conditions.
·
Restricting
salt intake
·
Diuretics
Nurses Responsibility
·
Maintaining
intake & output chart
·
Daily
Weight monitoring
·
Checking
abdominal girth
·
Vital
signs checking
·
Restriction
of salt
Find The Other Common Signs And Symptoms Notes Here
Find The Other Common Signs And Symptoms Notes Here
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