Urinary Incontinence
Urinary incontinence is any involuntary
leakage of urine.
TYPES OF
INCONTINENCE:
Stress incontinence
Stress
urinary incontinence (SUI), also known as effort incontinence. It is the loss
of small amounts of urine associated with coughing, laughing, sneezing,
exercising or other movements that increase intraabdominal pressure and thus
increase pressure on the bladder.
Causes: Relaxed pelvic musculature,
prostate surgery.
Treatment: Kegel exercises
Urge Incontinence:
Involuntary
loss of urine occurring for no apparent reason while suddenly feeling the need
or urge to urinate.
Causes
Idiopathic Detrusor Over activity- Local or surrounding infection, inflammation
or irritation of the bladder.
Neurogenic Detrusor
Over activity- Defective CNS inhibitory response.
Treatment
·
Treatment
of the underlying cause
·
Condom
catheters
Functional
incontinence
Functional
incontinence occurs when a person recognizes the need to urinate, but cannot
physically make it to the bathroom in time due to limited mobility.
Causes
Confusion,
dementia, poor eyesight, poor mobility, unwillingness to toilet because of
depression, anxiety or anger.
Treatment
Modification
of environment
Overflow incontinence
Sometimes
people find that they cannot stop their bladders from constantly dribbling, or
continuing to dribble for some time after they have passed urine.
Causes
When
the patient's bladder is always full, weak bladder muscles, resulting in
incomplete emptying of the bladder or a blocked urethra can cause this type of
incontinence.eg: BPH
Reflex Incontinence
Urination
is frequent, is moderate in volume and occurs equally during the day &
night.
Cause:
Spinal cord lesion above S2
Treatment
: Treatment of underlying cause, intermittent self-catheterization
Incontinence after
trauma or surgery
Vesicovaginal or urethrovaginal fistula may
occur in women
Causes:
as a result of hysterectomy or radiation therapy
Treatment:
surgery to correct fistula.
Structural
Incontinence
Rarely,
structural problems can cause incontinence, usually diagnosed in childhood
Diagnosis
·
History
& physical examination
·
Urinalysis
- urine is tested for evidence of
infection, urinary stones, or other contributing causes.
·
Ultrasound
·
Cystoscopy
·
Urodynamics
- various techniques measure pressure in the bladder and the flow of urine.
Management
·
Use
Absorbent products - diapers
·
Exercises
·
Treatment
of the cause
·
Bladder
training
·
Condom
drainage
·
Indwelling
urinary catheter
Find The Other Common Signs And Symptoms Notes Here
Find The Other Common Signs And Symptoms Notes Here
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