PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS PART 1

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PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS PART 1
  
Q.What are pathognomonic signs?
A. A sign or symptom that is so characteristic of a disease that it can be used to make a diagnosis. For example, Koplik spots in the mouth opposite the first and second upper molars are pathognomonic of measles.
or
Pathognomonic (often misspelled as pathognomic and sometimes as pathomnemonic) is a term, often used in medicine, that means characteristic for a particular disease. A pathognomonic sign is a particular sign whose presence means that a particular disease is present beyond any doubt. Labelling a sign or symptom "pathognomonic" represents a marked intensification of a "diagnostic" sign or symptom.

1. PTB
-           Low-grade afternoon fever.
2. PNEUMONIA
-           Rusty sputum.
3. ASTHMA
-           Wheezing on expiration.
4. EMPHYSEMA
-           Barrel chest.
5. KAWASAKI DISEASE
-           Strawberry tongue.
6. PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
-           Red beefy tongue.
7. DOWN SYNDROME
-           Protruding tongue / semian crease on palm
8. CHOLERA
-           Rice watery stool.
9. MALARIA
-           Stepladder like fever and chills.
10. TYPHOID
-           Rose spots in abdomen.
11. DIPTHERIA
-           pseudo membrane formation (pharynx, tonsils, nasal)
12. MEASLES
-           Koplik’s spots.
13. SLE
-           Butterfly rashes.
14. LIVER CIRRHOSIS
-           spider angioma, due to esophageal varices
15. LEPROSY
-           lioning face
16. BULIMIA NERVOSA
-           Chipmunk face. Parotid gland swelling
17. APPENDICITIS.
-           rebound tenderness
18. DENGUE
-           petechiae or (+) Herman’s sign
19. MENINGITIS
-           Kernig’s sign (leg pain), Brudzinski sign (neck pain).
20. TETANY
-           HYPOCALCEMIA (+) Trousseau’s sign/carpopedal spasm; Chvostek sign (facial spasm).
21. TETANUS 
-           risus sardonicus.
22. PANCREATITIS 
-           Cullen’s sign (ecchymosis of umbilicus); (+) Grey turners spots.
23. PYLORIC STENOSIS 
-           olive SHAPE mass on the abdomen
24. PDA 
-           machine like murmur
25. ADDISON’S DISEASE
-           Bronze like skin pigmentation.
26. CUSHING’S SYNDROME 
-           Moon face appearance and buffalo hump.
27. HYPERTHYROIDISM/GRAVE’S DISEASE 
-           Exopthalmus
28. INTUSSUSCEPTION  
-           sausage shaped mass
29.  PARKINSON’S DISEASE
-           Pill rolling tremors
30.  HEPATITIS
-           Jaundice
31.  THROMBOPHEBITIS
-           Homan’s sign
32.  CATARACT
-           Hazy vision / loss of central vision
33. GLAUCOMA
-           Tunnel vision / loss of peripheral vision
34. RETINAL DETACHMENT 
-           Curtain veil-like vision  / flashes and floaters 
35. CHOLECYSTITIS
-           Murphy’s sign (pain on deep inspiration, a inflammation of the gallbladder
36. ANGINA PECTORIS
-           Levine’s sign [hand clutching in the chest]
37. MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
-           Ptosis [drooping of the upper eyelid]
38. TETRALOGY OF FALLOT 
-           Clubbing of fingers

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notes.nursium.com: PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS PART 1
PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS PART 1
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