PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS PART 1
Q.What are pathognomonic signs?
A. A sign or symptom that is so characteristic of a disease
that it can be used to make a diagnosis. For example, Koplik spots in the mouth
opposite the first and second upper molars are pathognomonic of measles.
or
Pathognomonic (often misspelled as pathognomic and sometimes
as pathomnemonic) is a term, often used in medicine, that means characteristic
for a particular disease. A pathognomonic sign is a particular sign whose
presence means that a particular disease is present beyond any doubt. Labelling
a sign or symptom "pathognomonic" represents a marked intensification
of a "diagnostic" sign or symptom.
1. PTB
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- Low-grade
afternoon fever.
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2. PNEUMONIA
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- Rusty sputum.
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3. ASTHMA
|
-
Wheezing on expiration.
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4. EMPHYSEMA
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- Barrel chest.
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5. KAWASAKI DISEASE
|
-
Strawberry tongue.
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6. PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
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- Red beefy tongue.
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7. DOWN SYNDROME
|
-
Protruding tongue / semian crease on palm
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8. CHOLERA
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- Rice watery stool.
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9. MALARIA
|
-
Stepladder like fever and chills.
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10. TYPHOID
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- Rose spots in abdomen.
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11. DIPTHERIA
|
-
pseudo membrane formation (pharynx, tonsils, nasal)
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12. MEASLES
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- Koplik’s spots.
|
13. SLE
|
-
Butterfly rashes.
|
14. LIVER CIRRHOSIS
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- spider angioma, due to esophageal varices
|
15. LEPROSY
|
-
lioning face
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16. BULIMIA NERVOSA
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- Chipmunk face. Parotid gland swelling
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17. APPENDICITIS.
|
-
rebound tenderness
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18. DENGUE
|
- petechiae or (+) Herman’s sign
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19. MENINGITIS
|
-
Kernig’s sign (leg pain),
Brudzinski
sign (neck pain).
|
20. TETANY
|
- HYPOCALCEMIA (+) Trousseau’s sign/carpopedal spasm; Chvostek sign (facial spasm).
|
21. TETANUS
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-
risus sardonicus.
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22. PANCREATITIS
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- Cullen’s sign (ecchymosis of umbilicus);
(+) Grey turners
spots.
|
23. PYLORIC STENOSIS
|
-
olive SHAPE mass on the abdomen
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24. PDA
|
- machine like murmur
|
25. ADDISON’S DISEASE
|
-
Bronze like skin pigmentation.
|
26. CUSHING’S
SYNDROME
|
- Moon face appearance and buffalo hump.
|
27. HYPERTHYROIDISM/GRAVE’S DISEASE
|
-
Exopthalmus
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28. INTUSSUSCEPTION
|
- sausage shaped mass
|
29.
PARKINSON’S DISEASE
|
-
Pill rolling tremors
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30. HEPATITIS
|
- Jaundice
|
31.
THROMBOPHEBITIS
|
-
Homan’s sign
|
32. CATARACT
|
- Hazy vision / loss of central vision
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33. GLAUCOMA
|
-
Tunnel vision / loss of peripheral vision
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34. RETINAL
DETACHMENT
|
- Curtain veil-like vision / flashes and floaters
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35. CHOLECYSTITIS
|
-
Murphy’s sign (pain on deep inspiration, a inflammation of the
gallbladder
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36. ANGINA PECTORIS
|
- Levine’s sign [hand clutching in the
chest]
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37. MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
|
-
Ptosis [drooping of the upper eyelid]
|
38. TETRALOGY OF
FALLOT
|
- Clubbing of fingers
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COMMENTS