Disorders of psychological development or Disorders related to specific developmental skills

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Disorders of psychological development or Disorders related to specific developmental skills
Meaning
      Disorders in which normal pattern of developmental skills in any one area is disturbed and onset usually occur in childhood or adolescence.
Classification
      Specific developmental disorders of speech and language
      Specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills
      Specific developmental disorders of motor function
      Mixed Specific developmental disorders
      Pervasive developmental disorders
Epidemiology
      Dyslexia 5-10%
Dyslexia

      In India, Specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills-1.58%
Etiology
      Genetic
§  Monozygotic twins
      Biological
§  Asymmetry in left brain area
§  Brain lesion
§  Weakness in encoding process and working memory
      Prenatal
§  Maternal alcohol intake
      Intra natal
§  IUGR
§  Birth injuries
§  Instrumental deliveries
§  Preterm
§  Postnatal
§  Fall or injuries
§  Malnourished
Types
      Speech and language disorder
§  Speech
v  Dysphasia-Language disorder marked by deficiency in the generation of speech, and sometimes also in its comprehension, due to brain disease or damage
v  Dyslalia- Inability to articulate comprehensible speech, especially when associated with the use of private words or sounds.
§  Language
v  Expressive language disorder- It is a communication disorder in which there are difficulties with verbal and written expression.
v  Receptive language disorder- It means the child has difficulties with understanding what is said to them.
      Specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills
v  Dyslexia- Disorders that involve difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but that do not affect general intelligence.
v  Specific spelling disorder
v  Specific arithmetic disorder
      Specific developmental disorders of motor function
      Mixed Specific developmental disorders
      Pervasive Developmental disorder
Management
      Speech and language therapy
      Supportive parental counseling

      Contingency management

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notes.nursium.com: Disorders of psychological development or Disorders related to specific developmental skills
Disorders of psychological development or Disorders related to specific developmental skills
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