Spiritual development- James W Fowler
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Stage
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Development
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Stage 0 (Pre-stage l): Undifferentiated/ primal faith
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Infancy.
No concept or right or wrong, no beliefs, no convictions to guide their
behavior.
Beginning of faith is established through trust
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Stage l: Intuitive projective
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Toddlerhood and
preschool years.
Imitating
behavior of others.
Imitates
religious gestures without comprehending any meaning or significance.
During preschool
years, children assimilate some of the values and beliefs of their parents.
Parental attitude
toward moral codes and religious beliefs convey to children what they
consider to be good and bad.
Still imitate the
behavior at this age and follow parental beliefs.
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Stage 2: Mythical literal
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School age
Strong interest in religion.
Accept existence of deity, and feels that requests and important and
expect to be answered.
Good behavior is rewarded; bad behavior is punished. Conscience bothers
when they disobey.
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Stage 3: Synthetic convention
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School age
–Adolescence
Become aware of
spiritual disappointments.
Recognize that prayers are not always
answered.
May abandon or
modify some religious practices.
Begin to reason/
question some of the established religious standards.
May drop or modify some religious practices.
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Stage 4: Individuating - reflexive
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Adolescence
More skeptical.
Compare religious standards of
their parents with others.
Attempt to determine which standard to adopt and incorporate into their
own set of values.
Begin to compare religious standards with the scientific viewpoint.
Time of search than reaching.
Uncertain about many religious ideas and less insight.
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References : A
Judie (2015). Wong's Essentials of Paediatric Nursing, South Asia Edition. New
Delhi: Reed Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd.
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