ANTIPARKNSONIAN
AGENTS:
Indications:
Drug induced parkinsonism, and adjunct in the management of parkinsonism
Classification
·
Anticholinergics (trihexyphenidyl, benztropine,
biperidine)
·
Dopaminergic agents (bromocriptine, carbidopa /
levodopa)
·
Monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors(selegiline)
·
Trihexyphenidile(artane, trihexane, pacitane)
Mechanism
of action:
It acts
by increasing the release of dopamine from pre-synaptic vesicles, blocking the
reuptake of dopamine in to pre-synaptic nerve terminals or by exerting an
agonist effect on post synaptic dopamine receptors
Dosage
1-2 mg
per day orally initially, maximum dose up to 15 mg per day in divided doses
Side
effects
Dizziness,
nervousness, drowsiness, weakness, headache, confusion, blurred vision,
mydriasis, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, nausea,
constipation, vomiting, urinary retention and decreased sweating
Nurse's
responsibility
·
Assess parkinsonian and extrapyramidal symptoms
·
Caution patient to make position changes slowly
to minimize orthostatic hypotension
·
Caution patient that this medication decreases
perspiration, and over-heating may occur during hot weather
COMMENTS