Pathology Mnemonics
Parkinson's
disease: symptoms PQRST:
Paucity of
expression parQinson Rigidity (cogwheel)
Stooped posture
Tremor at
rest · If can't remember that Parkinson's tremor is the one that is
"resting tremor", look at the last 3 letters: RST.
Kawasaki disease:
features Disease
name: a Kawasaki motorcycle. Usually young children, epidemic in Japan:
Japanese child rides the motorcycle. Conjunctival, oral erythema: red eyes,
mouth. Fev er: thermometer. Ery thema of palms, soles: red palms, soles.
Generalized rash: rash dots. Cervical lymphadenitis:
enlarged cervical nodes with inflammation arrows.
Vasculitis of arteries: inflammation arrows on
arteries. Cardiovascular sequelae [20%]: inflammation arrows on cardiac
arteries.
Treat with aspirin: aspirin headlight.
Interstitial lung
disease: causes SARCOIDI:
Sarcoidosis
Allergic
reaction
Radiation
Connective
tissue disease
Occupational
exposure
Infection
Drugs
Idiopathic
Herpes I and II: lab
findings. She's an odd chick: whenever
she's in a restaurant, she always orders Her Peas and Cow dry.
Herpes I and II
have CowdryType A inclusion bodies
Emphysema:
types, most important feature of each "Cigarettes Is Primary Problem": · Ty pes:
Centrilobular
Irregular Pancinar
Paraseptal ·
Most important feature for each type (in order as above):
Cigarrettes
Inflammation
healed to scar
Protease
inhibitor deficiency (a1antitrypsin)
Pneumothorax
· "Cigarettes is primary problem" used since
cigarettes is most common cause of emphysema.
· Keeping P's straight: Pan is antitrypsin.
Calcification:
metastatic vs. dystrophic Metastatic:
Metabolism
imbalance.
Dy strophic: Damaged tissue.
Haemochromatosis
definition, classic triad "Iron
man triathalon": Iron man:
deposition of iron in many body
tissues.
· Triathalon has
3 components, which match triad: Swimming: Skin pigmentation
Biking: Bronze diabetes Marathon:
Micronodular pigment cirrhosis
COPD: 4 types and hallmark ABCDE: Asthma
Brochiectasis
Chronic
bronchitis
Dy spnea
[hallmark of group]
Emphysema
· Alternatively: replace Dyspnea with Decreased
FEV1/FVC ratio.
MEN I (Multiple
Endocrine Neoplasia) syndrome: components "Please
Please Pay Attention To peptic ulceration, y ou worms": · Adenomas of: Pituatary
Pancreatic
islets
Parathyroid
Adrenal
cortex Thyroid, associated with peptic ulceration · Sy ndrome is called
"Wermer's sy ndrome".
Lung cancer:
presentation ABCDE: Snowball
turned to Avalanche
Blood:
hemoptysis
Cough
Distruption to
airway in bronchus--
>pneumonia
whEEzing Deep venous thrombosis: diagnosis DVT:
Dilated
superficial v eins/ Discoloration/ Doppler ultrasound Venography is gold standard
Tenderness of Thigh and calf
Addison's
disease: features ADDISON:
Autoimmune
DIC
(meningcoccus)
Destruction
by cancer, infection, v ascular insufficiency
Iatrogenic
Sarcoidosis,
granulomatous such as TB histiomycosis hy pOtension/
hypOnatermia Nelson's sy ndrome [post adrelectomy, increased ACTH]
Breast cancer:
risk assessment "Risk can be assessed by
History ALONE":
History (family,
previous episode)
Abortion/ Age (old)
Late menopause
Obesity
Nulliparity
Early menarche
McArdle's
syndrome MCARDLES:
My oglobinuria
Cramping after
exercise
Accumulated
glycogen
Recessive
inheritance
Deficiency of
muscle phosphorylase
Lactate levels
fail to rise
Elev ated
creatine kinase
Skeletal muscle
only
Respiratory distress
syndrome in infants: major risk factors PCD (Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, a cause of Respiratory distress sy
ndrome): Prematurity
Cesarean
section Diabetic mother Deep venous thrombosis: genetic causes ALASCA:
Antithrombin III
Leiden (Factor
V)
APC (Activated
Protein C)
S-protein
deficiency
C-protein
deficiency
Antiphospholipid
antibody
Carcinomas having
tendency to metastasize to bone "Particular
Tumours Lov e Killing Bone":
Prostate
Thyroid
Lung
Kidney Breast
Cushing syndrome
CUSHING:
Central obesity/
Cervical fat pads/ Collagen fiber weakness/ Comedones (acne) Urinary free corisol and glucose increase Striae/ Suppressed
immunity Hy percortisolism/ Hypertension/ Hyp erglycemia/ Hirsutism
Iatrogenic (Increased administration of corticosteroids) Noniatrogenic (Neoplasms)
Glucose intolerance/ Growth retardation
Apoptosis vs.
necrosis "LIFELESS" (since cells are dead):
· Differences are in:
Leaky membranes
Inflammatory
response
Fate
Extent
Laddering
Energy dependent
Swell or
shrink Stimulus
Diabetic
ketoacidosis: I vs. II ketONE
bodies are seen in type ONEdiabetes.
Baldness risk
factors "Daddy Doesn't Deny Getting Hair Implants":
Diet
Disease
Drugs
Genes
Hormones
Injury to the
scalp
Tabes Dorsalis
morphology DORSALIS:
Dorsal column
degeneration
Orthopedic pain
(Charcot joints)
Reflexes
decreased (deep tendon)
Shooting pain
Argyll-Robertson
pupils
Locomotor ataxia
Impaired
proprioception
Sy philis
Buerger's disease features "burger SCRAPS": Segmenting thrombosing vasculitis
Claudication
(intermittent)
Ray naud's
phenomenon
Associated with
smoking
Pain, even at
rest
Superficial
nodular phlebitis · Alternatively, if hungry for more detail [sic], "CRISP PIG burgers": Chronic ulceration
Ray naud's
phenomenon
Intermittent
claudication
Segmenting,
thrombosing vasculitis
Pain, even at
rest
Phlebitis
(superficial nodular)
Idiopathic
Gangrene
PKU findings PKU:
Pale hair, skin
Krazy
(neurological abnormalities) Unpleasant
smell
Atherosclerosis
risk factors SHIFT MAID: Smoking
Hy pertension
(N)IDDM
Family history
Triglycerdides
& fats
Male
Age
Inactivity
Diet / Drink
COMMENTS