Fecal incontinence
Meaning
: Fecal incontinence is the loss of regular control of the bowels. Involuntary
excretion and leaking are common occurrences for those affected.
Pathophysiology
Normally Fecal contents pass from
the sigmoid colon into the rectum Causing rectal distension
↓
Sensory receptors surrounding the
rectum, Provide sensation of rectal filling.
↓
Relaxation of the internal anal
sphincter and contraction of the external anal sphincter
↓
Problems with motor function
(contraction of muscle) and sensory function (ability to perceive presence of
stool) results in incontinence.
Causes
·
Traumatic
·
Neurogenic
·
Dementia
·
Inflammatory
·
Pelvic
floor dysfunction
·
Functional
·
other
Diagnosis
·
History
·
Physical
examination
·
Rectal
examination
·
USG,
X ray and CT scan
·
Sigmoidoscopy
, colonoscopy
Management
Treatment
depends on the cause and severity of fecal incontinence
·
Dietary
changes
·
Medication
·
Bowel
training,
·
Surgery,
·
Kegel
Exercises
·
Biofeedback
therapy
Dietary changes
·
Avoidance
of foods and drinks such as those containing caffeine, which relax the internal
anal sphincter muscle.
·
To
eat foods low in fiber to decrease the work of the anal sphincters.
Nursing management
·
Collect
history of frequency & consistency of the stool, blood, mucus in the stool,
pain during defecation & a feeling of incomplete evacuation
·
Diet
, Fluid intake
·
Regular
Exercise
·
Mental
support
·
Use
of diapers
Find The Other Common Signs And Symptoms Notes Here
Find The Other Common Signs And Symptoms Notes Here
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