Perioperative Nursing

PERI- OPERATIVE NURSING

Organization and physical set up of operation theatre

Introduction:

An OT is that specialised facility of the hospital where life- saving or life improving procedures are carried out on human body by invasive methods under strict aseptic conditions in a controlled environment by specially trained personnel to promote healing and cure with maximum safety, comfort and economy.

Surgery can be defined as the art and science of treating diseases, injuries, and deformities by operation and instrumentation. Surgery may be performed for:

·         Diagnosis

·         Exploration

·         Cure

·         Cosmetic improvement

·         Palliation

·         Prevention

OT usually have special unit attached to them.

Pre and post- operative rooms:

Pre-medication area

·         Prepare the patient for anaesthesia

·         Clarify any immediate concerns

Post recovery

·         Immediate post-operative stabilization

·         Vital monitoring

·         Pain control

·         Respiration monitoring and support

·         Caring of tubes

·         Nursing care

·         Operating rooms are large, lighted and easy to clean

·         Typical overhead surgical lights with special viewing screens and monitors.

·         No windows to create air conditioning and have a controlled temperature- humidity environment

·         Regular power supply with some backup system

·         Continuous supply of wall mounted suction, oxygen, and anaesthesia gases.

·         Two most important elements- operating table and the anaesthesia cart.

Other important components:

·         Tables to set instruments

·         Storage space for common surgical supplies

·         Containers for disposables

·         Space for linen and dress materials for the operating staff

Peri- operative nursing

Peri- operative nursing is a specialized area of practice which incorporates the three phases of the surgical experience: pre- operative, intra- operative and post- operative.

·         Pre- operative phase: begins when the decision of surgery is made and end when the client is transferred to the operating room.

·         Intra- operative phase: begins with the client’s entry into the operation room and ends with admittance to post anesthesia care unit (PACU)

·         Post operative phase: begins the client’s admittance to the PACU and ends with the client’s complete recovery from the surgical intervention.