PERI- OPERATIVE
NURSING
Organization and
physical set up of operation theatre
Introduction:
An OT is that
specialised facility of the hospital where life- saving or life improving
procedures are carried out on human body by invasive methods under strict
aseptic conditions in a controlled environment by specially trained personnel
to promote healing and cure with maximum safety, comfort and economy.
Surgery can be
defined as the art and science of treating diseases, injuries, and deformities
by operation and instrumentation. Surgery
may be performed for:
·
Diagnosis
·
Exploration
·
Cure
·
Cosmetic improvement
·
Palliation
·
Prevention
OT usually have
special unit attached to them.
Pre and post- operative rooms:
Pre-medication area
·
Prepare the patient for anaesthesia
·
Clarify any immediate concerns
Post recovery
·
Immediate post-operative stabilization
·
Vital monitoring
·
Pain control
·
Respiration monitoring and support
·
Caring of tubes
·
Nursing care
·
Operating rooms are large, lighted and easy to
clean
·
Typical overhead surgical lights with special
viewing screens and monitors.
·
No windows to create air conditioning and have a
controlled temperature- humidity environment
·
Regular power supply with some backup system
·
Continuous supply of wall mounted suction,
oxygen, and anaesthesia gases.
·
Two most important elements- operating table and
the anaesthesia cart.
Other important components:
·
Tables to set instruments
·
Storage space for common surgical supplies
·
Containers for disposables
·
Space for linen and dress materials for the
operating staff
Peri- operative nursing
Peri- operative nursing is
a specialized area of practice which incorporates the three phases of the surgical
experience: pre- operative, intra- operative and post- operative.
·
Pre- operative
phase: begins when the decision of surgery is made and end when the client
is transferred to the operating room.
·
Intra- operative
phase: begins with the client’s entry into the operation room and ends with
admittance to post anesthesia care unit (PACU)
·
Post
operative phase: begins the client’s admittance to the PACU and ends with
the client’s complete recovery from the surgical intervention.
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