Factors Affecting the Pulse

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Factors Affecting the Pulse
Age
As the age increases the pulse rate gradually decreases.
Age
Pulse Average/ Range
Newborn
130 (80-180)
1 year
120 (80-140)
5-8 year
100 (75-120)
10 year
70 (50-90)
Teen
75 (50-90)
Adult
80 (60-100)
Older adult
70 (60-100)

Gender
After puberty, the average male's pulse rate is slightly lower than the female's
Exercise
The pulse rate normally increases with activity.
Fever
The pulse rate increases (a) response to the lowered blood pressure that results from peripheral vasodilation associated with elevated body temperature and (b) because of increased metabolic rate
Medications
Some medications decrease pulse rate, and others increase it. For ex. cardio tonics (digitalis) decrease the heart rate, whereas epinephrine increase it.
Hypovolemia
Loss of blood from the vascular system normally increases pulse rate. In adults the loss of circulating volume results in an adjustment of the heart rate to increase blood pressure as the body compensates for the lost blood volume
Stress
In response to the stress sympathetic nervous stimulation increases the overall activity of the heart Stress increases the rate as well as the force of the heartbeat. Fear and anxiety as well as the perception of severe pain stimulate the sympathetic nervous system.
Position changes
When a person is sitting or standing, blood usually pools in dependent vessels of the venous system. Pooling results in a transient decrease in the venous return to the heart and a subsequent reduction in blood pressure and increase in heart rate.
Pathology

Certain diseases such as some heart conditions or those that impair oxygenation can alter resting pulse.

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notes.nursium.com: Factors Affecting the Pulse
Factors Affecting the Pulse
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