Pathology Mnemonics part 4

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Pathology Mnemonics



Gynecomastia: causes DaLAS:
Digitalis
Ley dig cell tumors
Alcohol
Sertoli cell tumors

Pick's disease: location, action, epidemiology · See figure.
Pick axes are Picking away at the old woman's cerebral cortex, causing cortical atrophy. 2 pick axes on her brain: frontal lobe and anterior 1/3 of temporal.
An old woman, since epidemiology is elderly & more common in women.


Multiple sclerosis (MS): pathology MS attacks the  My elin Sheath, resulting in plaques.


Nasopharyngeal malignant cancers NASOPharyngeal: Nasophayngeal
Adenocarcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Olfactory neuroblastoma Plasmacytoma


TB: features TB is characterised by 4
C's:
Caseation
Calcification
Cav itation
Cicatrization


Gallstones/cholecystitis: risk factors 5 F's: Fat
Female
Family history
Fertile Forty


Rheumatoid arthritis: features RHEUMATOID:
Ragocytes/ Rheumatoid factor (anti-
IgG)
HLA-DR4/ HLA-Dw4
ESR increase/ Extra-articular features (restrictive lung disease, subcutaneous nodules) Ulnar deviation
Morning stiffness/ MCP joint Ankylosis/ Atlantoaxial joint subluxation/ Autoimmune/ ANA
T-cells (CD4)/ TNF
Osteopenia
Inflammatory synovial
tissue/ Idiopathic/ IL-1 Deformities (swan-neck, boutonniere)


Neuroblastoma: features N-MYC:
Nuclei have "double minutes"
Malignant
Young Catecholamine secreting · And hallmark is n-mycamplification.


Lou Gehrig's is both upper and lower motor neuron signs LoU = Lower & Upper.


Dandy-Walker syndrome: components "Dandy Walker Sy ndrome":
Dilated 4th ventricle
Water on the brain Small vermis


Cerebral palsy: general features PALSY:
Paresis
Ataxia
Lagging motor development
Spasticity Young


Von Hippel-Lindau: signs and symptoms HIPPEL: Hemanigoblastomas
Increased renal cancer
Pheochromocytoma
Port-wine stains
Ey e dysfunction
Liv er, pancreas, kidney cysts · Bare bones v ersion: Hippel-Lindau, with H and L as above.


Bronchial obstruction: consequences APPLE BABE:
Atelectasis
Pleural adhesions
Pleuritis
Lipid pneumonia
Effusion->organisation->fibrosis
Bronchiectasis
Abscess
Broncho and lobar pneumonia Emphysema


Marble bone disease: signs and symptoms MARBLES:
Multiple fractures
Anemia
Restricted cranial nerves
Blind & deaf
Liv er enlarged
Erlenmeyer flask deformity Splenomegaly · Epony mous name:
Marbles = Albers-Schonberg (anagram).


Heart failure causes "HEART MAy DIE":
Hy pertension
Embolism
Anemia
Rheumatic heart disease
Thyrotoxicosis (incl. pregnancy)
My ocardial infarct
Arrythmia
Y
Diet & lifestyle
Infection
Endocarditis


Renal failure: causes AVID GUT:
Acute tubular necrosis
Vascular obstruction
Infection
Diffuse intravascular coagulation
Glomerular disease
Urinary obstruction
Tubulointerstitial nephritis


Multiple endocrine neoplasia III: components MEN  
III is a disease of 3 M's:
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Medulla of adrenal
(pheochromocytoma) Mucosal neuroma


Ulcerative colitis: features ULCERATIONS:
Ulcers
Large intestine
Carcinoma [risk]
Extraintestinal manifestations
Remnants of old ulcers [pseudopolyps]
Abscesses in crypts
Toxic megacolon [risk]
Inflamed, red, granular mucosa
Originates at rectum
Neutrophil invasion Stools bloody


Virchow's triad (venous thrombosis) "VIRchow": Vascular trauma
Increased coagulability
Reduced blood flow (stasis)


Pyrogenic meningitis: likeliest bug in age group "Explaining Hot Neck Stiffness":
· In order from birth to death: E. coli [infants] Haemophilus influenzae [older infants, kids] Neisseria meningitis [young adults]
Streptococcus pneumoniae [old folks]


Endometrial carcinoma: risk factors ENDOMET:
Elderly
Nulliparity
Diabetes
Obesity
Menstrual irregularity Estrogen therapy hy perTension


Polycystic ovary: morphology, presentation · Morphology is poly-C: Cy sts
Capsule thickened
Cortical stromal fibrosis
· Clinical presentation is OVARY:
Obese
Virilism or hirsutism
Amenorrhoea
Reproductive problem [infertile] Young woman

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notes.nursium.com: Pathology Mnemonics part 4
Pathology Mnemonics part 4
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