Phosphorylation cascade: action during
low glucose "In the
Phasted State, Phosphorylate":
The phosphorylation cascade becomes active
when blood glucose is low.
tRNA: molecular shape Fortunately, tRNA
(Transfer
RNA) is shaped like a capital T.
Vitamins: which are fat soluble KADE:
Vitamin K
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Na/K
pump: concentrations of Na vs. K on inside/outside of cell, pump
action, number of molecules moved HIKIN':
There is a HIgh K
concentration INside the cell.
From this can deduce that the Na/K pump pumps
K into cell and Na out of cell.
Alternatively: When I was learning this pump
(circa 1992), a band that was "in"
was Kris Kross, and a band that was
"out" was "Sha Na Na
Na":
So pump moves K K (2 K) in and Na
Na Na (3 Na) out.
· Sadly, as infectious as their debut album
was, Kris Kross can really no longer
be classed as "in".
Insulin:
function INsulIN stimulates 2
things to go
IN 2cells: Potassium and Glucose.
Glycolysis steps "Goodness Gracious, Father
Franklin Did Go By Picking Pumpkins
(to) Prepare Pies":
Glucose
Glucose-6-P
Fructose-6-P
Fructose-1,6-diP
Dihydroxyacetone-P
Glyceraldehyde-P
1,3-Biphosphoglycerate
3-Phosphoglycerate
2-Phosphoglycerate (to)
Phosphoenolpyruvate [PEP]
Pyruvate
· 'Did', 'By' and 'Pies' tell you the first
part of those three: di-, bi-, and
py-.
· 'PrEPare' tells location of PEP in the
process.
Citric acid cycle compounds "Oh Citric Acid
Is Of
(course) A SiLly STupid Funny
Molecule":
Oxaloacetate
Citrate
Aconitate
Isocitrate
Oxalosuccinate
Alpha-ketoglutarate
SuccinyL-CoA
SuccinaTe
Fumarate
Malate
· SilLy and sTupid used to differentiate
succinyL and succinaTe
Essential amino acids "PVT. TIM
HALL always argues,
never tires":
Phe
Val
Thr
Trp
Ile
Met
His
Arg
Lue
Lys
· Always argues:
the A is for Arg, not Asp.
· 'Never tires':
T is not Tyr, but is both Thr and Trp.
Orbital
names before alphabetical order begins "Sober
People Don't Find Good In Killing":
Orbital names for
electrons are S,P,D,F,G,I,K.
After that,
alphabetical order begins.
Oxidation vs. reduction: electron gain/loss "LEO the
lion
says GER":
Lose Electrons
= Oxidation.
Gain Electrons
= Reduction.
Benzene ring: order of substituents Meta:
the two
sticks
representing functional groups make a capital letter M with the
ring.
Otho: can close
the top of the functional groups and make a boxy capital
letter O.
Cis/trans
(geometric) isomer nomenclature "Zame Zide.
Epposite.":
Z is the 2 functional
groups on the same side of double bond.
E is for opposite
sides.
Oxidation vs. reduction: electron
gain/loss OIL RIG:
Oxidation Is Loss
(of electrons).
Reduction Is Gain
(of electrons).
Cation
vs. anion: positive vs. negative The t in cation
looks like a plus
sign: "ca+ion".
Cation is
positive, anion is negative.
Oxidation
vs. reduction: electrochemical cell and electron gain/loss
AN OIL RIG CAT:
At
the ANode, Oxidation Involves Loss of electrons.
Reduction Involves Gaining
electrons at the CAThode.
Gibb's
free energy formula "Good Honey Tastes
Sweet":
(delta)G = H - T(delta)S
Anion
vs. cation charge ANion is A Negative
ion.
Benzene ring: order of substituents "Benzene
likes to
ROMP":
· From R group
moving around the ring:
R group
Ortho
Meta
Para
B
vitamin names "The Rhythm Nearly Proved
Contagious":
· In increasing order:
Thiamine (B1)
Riboflavin (B2)
Niacin (B3)
Pyridoxine (B6)
Cobalamin (B12)
Hunter's syndrome "Hunter's are
aggressive, clear-sighted, and shoot for the X" Mild Hurler's
syndrome (gargoylism, developmental delay, airway obstruction) with aggressive
behavior and without corneal clouding; XLR Deficiency in Iduronate
sulfatase
Testosterone
conversion to DiHydroTestosterone
Dihydrotestosterone is an active form of
testosterone. Its conversion needs an
enzyme :
Five
Alpha
Reductase
· This reaction occurs in the peripheral
("FAR") tissue such as adipose
tissue.
DKA:
signs DKA:
Dehydrated
Ketones/ Kussmaul
breathing/ K drops
Acidosis
COMMENTS