Phobic anxiety disorder
Meaning
It
is an irrational fear of a specific object, situation or activity, often
leading to persistent avoidance of the feared object, situation or activity.
Characteristics
ü Presence of fear of an object, situation or
activity
ü Fear
is out of proportion to the dangerousness perceived.
ü Patient
recognizes fear as irrational
ü Unable
to control and distressed by it.
ü Avoidance
of the object
ü Preoccupation
with the phobic objects
Classification
F40.0 agoraphobia
.00 without panic disorder
.01 with panic disorder
F40.1 social phobia
F40.2 specific phobias (isolated)
F40.8 other phobic anxiety disorders
F40.9 phobic anxiety disorder,unspecified.
Types
Social
phobia
It
is characterized by a marked and persistent
fear of one or more social or
performance situations, in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or
to possible scrutiny by others.
Agora
Phobia
Fear
of being alone in public places from which the person thinks escape would be difficult or help would be unavailable, if
he or she is incapacitated.
Simple
phobias
It
is characterized by an excessive and persistent fear of a
specific object or situation.
Acrophobia
- fear of heights.
Algophobia
– pain
Autophobia
– being alone
Claustrophobia
– enclosed places
Entomophobia
– insects
Kenophobia
– empty spaces
Larrophobia
– doctors
Mysophobia
– dirt
Pathophobia
– disease
Hematophobia-
sight of blood
Gamophobia-marriage
Etiology
Ø Psychodynamic
theory
Failure
to repress painful experience resulting in secondary defense mechanism which is
displacement.In turn will cause fearfulness to neutral stimulus
Ø Learning
theory
When
stressful stimulus is paired with a harmless object, on repetition harmless
object will produce fear
Ø Cognitive
theory
Phobias are the result of irrational
and negative thinking.
Course
Common
in females
Sudden
onset
Remitting
Management
Ø Pharmacological
o Benzodiazepines
o Anti
depressants
Ø Psychological
Ø Behavioural
therapy
Ø Cognitive
therapy
Ø Supportive
psychotherapy
Nursing management
v Fear
v Impaired
social interaction
v Ineffective
individual coping
COMMENTS