DRUG
FORMS
Medications
are manufactured in a variety of forms of preparation to make or easy to
administer. Many drugs are made in several forms. The forms of drugs guides the
route of the drug. One form should not be interchanged with another without a specific
order.
1.Aqueous solutions:
One or more drugs dissolved in water.
2.Aqueous suspension:
One or more drug finely divided in a liquid such as water.
3.Caplet:
Tablets coated with gelatin that gets dissolved in the stomach.
4.Capsule:
Powder or gel form of drugs encased in a hard or soft outer case that dissolves
in the stomach.
5.Elixir:
Drug dissolved in a clear liquid containing water, varying amount of alcohol
and a sweetening agent or a flavour, may or may not have active medicine.
6.Emulsion:
Drug in which one liquid is spread by means of small droplet over another
liquid or dispersions of fat globules in water or water globules in fat.
Suspension within in oil base.
7.Enteric coated tablets:
Tablets coated with a substance that blocks absorption of drug, until it
reaches the small intestine, prevents stomach irritation.
8.Extract:
Concentrated preparation of a drug from vegetables or animals are generally used to preserve a medication.
9. Fluid extract:
Alcoholic liquid extract of drugs made by percolation, so that 1 ml of fluid
extract contains I gm. Of drug. Only vegetables are used.
10.Glycerite:
Solution of drugs combined with glycerine for external use.
11.Intra ocular disc:
A small flexible oval consisting of two soft layer and a middle layer containing
medication. When moistened by ocular fluid it releases medication up to one
week.
12. Liniments:
Mixture of drug with oil, soap, water, or alcohol that is applied to skin.
13. Lotion:
Drugs in liquid suspension intended for external use. It protects, cools skin
14.Lozenge or troche:
Drug in a flavoured or sweet use that is released in the mouth. This helps to
relieve the tickling sensation at the back of the throat and stops cough.
15. Mucilage:
Aqueous preparation containing viscous substance such as gum and starches.
16.Ointment:
(salve), Semisolid preparation of a drug in petroleum jelly that is applied to
and absorbed by the skin.
17.Paste:
Semisolid form of a drug which is thick and sticky than ointments that is applied to the skin and absorbed.
18.Patch (Transdermal):
Drugs encased in a manufactured material that allows continuous drug absorption
through the skin at a steady rate. Medicine in a patch permits gradual controlled
absorption.
19.Pill:
Drug in powder form mixed with a cohesive material, these are single dose unit
made by mixing the powder drug with a liquid such as syrup and rolling the
mixture in to round or oval shape. Tablets and capsules replace it.
20.Powder and granules:
A finely ground form of a drug. Sterile particles of medication that are
dissolved in sterile liquid before administration.
21.Plaster:
A solid preparation used as a counter irritant or an adhesive externally
22.Poultice:
Soft moist preparations that supply moist heat to the body
23.Solutions:
Liquid preparation containing one or more substances completely dissolved in a
solvent, commonly in water.
24. Suppository:
A drug or several drugs mixed in a firm base such as glycerinated gelatine and shaped for insertion in to the
body cavities such as rectum, vagina, and urethra. The base melt easily and
slowly at body temperature.
25.Suspension:
Undissolved particles or powder placed in a liquid that must be shaken
vigorously before use.
26.Sustained release:
Solid dosage that contains small particle of drugs coated with material that
requires a varying amount of time to dissolve.
27.Syrup :
Drug dissolved in a solution. Containing water and sugar, often used to
disguise unpleasant taste of drugs and soothes the irritated mucus membrane,
28.Spansule:
A drug made up in such a way that there is slow release of its content, provide
an effect over a long period.
29.Spirit:
A concentrated alcoholic solution of volatile substance, also known as
essence.
30.
Tablet: Solid drug that compressed
or moulded in to a particular shape and may be swallowed, chewed, or placed
under the tongue or cheek.
31.Tincture:
Alcoholic or hydrochloric solution prepared from drugs derived from plants.
32.Trans dermal disc or patch:
Medication contained within a semi permeable membrane, disc or patch which
allows medication to be absorbed through skin slowly over a long period.
33.Water:
Saturated solution in volatile oils.
34.Aerosol spray or foam: A liquid, powder, or
foam deposited in a thin layer on the skin by air pressure
35.Cream:-A
no greasy, semisolid preparation used on the skin
36.Gel Or jelly
: A clear or translucent semisolid that liquefies when applied to the skin
COMMENTS