Eye: Eye prosthesis & Rehabilitation

Eye prosthesis & Rehabilitation

Prosthetic eyes, or ocular prosthetics, are artificial eyes that replace a natural eye absent due to surgical removal from disease or injury.

Indication

TYPES OF OCULAR PROSTHETICS

The Half Sphere / Stock eye

Artificial eye is a prefabricated lightweight eye made of Polymethyl- methacrylate, or Acrylic Plastic.
It is a half globe that is carefully cut, shaped, ground and polished to size.
It is available in various sizes with varying Iris and Sclera colorings.
This eye is generally used as the first prosthesis after an eye has been removed; therefore, it is not completely customized to the individual.
Once the closest match has been determined, the Half Sphere is cut and shaped- during the production of the eye, the Half Sphere can be tried on in intermediate stages in order to make any necessary adjustments.
Once the fit has been perfected, the eye is polished with a special compound to ensure a smooth surface.

The Mold Eye

This is considered the ideal artificial eye because it is produced specifically for each patient.
In order to customize the fit of the Mold Eye, an impression tray is inserted between the person's eyelids and a liquid mixture is injected which sets to a rubbery consistency in 90 seconds.
This impression is casted into plaster of Paris which creates a mold in which the prosthetist pours a special wax to create a wax model of the artificial eye.
The model can be carved, smoothed and rounded and tried by the patient to assess shape, curvature and also the appearance of the eyelids.
Once any alterations have been made, the actual plastic eye is cast and hand painted in front of the patient to ensure matching eyes.
This artificial eye has more obvious movement than the Half Sphere because it fits the patient's socket exactly, therefore detecting more of the muscle movements seen in the socket.
Another benefit of the Mold Eye is the typical moisture, or secretions from the socket, which can gather and get trapped behind the Half Sphere, will have less of a build up behind the Mold Eye because it has a closer fit.
The Mold Eye is the best achievable fit and most natural and lifelike in appearance.

Maintenance of prosthesis-

Wash hands before handling the prosthesis
Clean everyday with clean water, dried and to be worn
Precaution to be taken to reduce scratches
Eye lubricants can be used to increase the lid movements and closure Polishing must be done once a year.

Rehabilitation

Patient's vision rehabilitation program may include training in the use of special lighting, optical devices, magnifiers or other useful adaptive aids.
Training in activities of daily living — individualized, hands-on training in cooking, cleaning, personal finance management and leisure activities such as reading — can also help maximize independence. Physical and occupational therapy
Orientation and mobility training
Assistive technology training
Adjustment to vision loss counselling
Braille instruction
Other comprehensive, state-of the- art services, are available in a convenient centre based location, in the community or in the home.

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